Guideline-directed medical therapy in heart failure patients: impact of focused care provided by a heart failure clinic in comparison to general cardiology out-patient department

The Egyptian Heart Journal

Table 1 Demographic characteristics

Demographics		% of patients in HF clinic	% of patients in other cardiology OPD	P value
Male gender		80%	73%	0.24
Smoking	Ex-smokers	48%	42%	0.67
Smoking	Current	8%	11%	0.67
Alcohol drinking^a		59%	59%	1.00
Age	30–45 years	9%	8%	0.24
	46–60 years	43%	25%
	61–75 years	32%	59%
	76–90 years	11%	8%
		Number of patients	Number of patients
Risk factors
Hypertension		84 (42%)	82 (41%)	0.88
Diabetes mellitus		120 (60%)	130 (65%)	0.46
Dyslipidemia		54 (27%)	42 (21%)	0.32
Hypothyroidism		14 (7%)	12 (6%)	0.77
Hyperthyroidism		8 (4%)	4 (2%)	0.40
Comorbidities
Coronary artery disease		70 (35%)	64 (32%)	0.65
Angina		14 (7%)	10 (5%))	0.55
Anterior wall myocardial infarction		84 (42%)	84 (42%)	1.00
Atrial fibrillation		16 (8%)	20 (10%)	0.62
Cardiomyopathy		38 (19%)	30 (15%)	0.45
Stroke		6 (3%)	4 (2%)	0.65
Chronic liver disease		8 (4%)	2 (%)	0.17
Chronic kidney disease		20 (10%)	32 (16%)	0.20

The demographic details and their comparison between the study groups
^aAlcohol drinking in the study is defined as those who consumed alcohol occasionally. No binge and excessive alcohol consumers were observed in the study population