Table 1 Clinical characteristics based on gender
Males (n = 243), N (%) | Females (n = 155), N (%) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|
Age (years) | 31 (24–40) | 28 (23–37) | 0.002 |
Comorbid conditions | |||
DM | 13 (5.3) | 7 (4.5) | 0.71 |
Renal insufficiency | 28 (11.5) | 19 (12.3) | 0.83 |
Liver disease | 14 (5.5) | 0 (0) | 0.001 |
Malignancy | 0 (0) | 7 (4.5) | 0.001 |
Clinical history | |||
Fever | 198 (81.5) | 137 (88.4) | 0.07 |
Duration of febrile illness | 28 (14–60) | 28 (12–56) | 0.76 |
Previous use of antibiotics | 146 (60.1) | 85 (54.8) | 0.30 |
Prior IE | 12 (4.9) | 3 (1.9) | 0.13 |
Drug abuse | 40 (16.5) | 2 (1.3) | < 0.001 |
HAE | 105 (44.9) | 80 (54.4) | 0.069 |
Procedures within the last 3 months | 49 (20.9) | 46 (31.3) | 0.023 |
Hospitalization within the last 3 months | 85 (36.3) | 66 (44.9) | 0.096 |
Underlying cardiac disease | 147 (60.5) | 108 (69.7) | 0.06 |
Rheumatic heart disease | 70 (29.9) | 68 (46.3) | 0.001 |
Congenital heart disease | 24 (10.3) | 8 (5.4) | 0.099 |
Degenerative valve disease | 7 (3.0) | 3 (2) | 0.57 |
Normal heart | 60 (25.6) | 20 (13.6) | 0.005 |
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy | 3 (1.3) | 0 (0) | 0.29 |
PVE | 69 (28.4) | 47 (30.3) | 0.68 |