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Table 2 Demographic characteristics and common CVD risk factors of the participants

From: Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus; investigation of its association with classical cardiovascular risk factors using cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests: a cross-sectional study

Variable

N=26 type 2 DM

Age (years)

60.8 ± 10.4

Sex, F (%)

38.5%

Height (m)

1.7 ± .10

Weight (kg)

92.4 ± 23

BMI (kg/m2)

30.8 (29.1–36.7)

Body fats %

33.9 ± 6.8

Heart rate rest (bpm)

71.4 ± 12.1

Resting SBP (mmHg)

132 ± 15.7

Resting DBP (mmHg)

80 ± 9.9

Total cholesterol (mmol/L)

4.6 ± .96

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

1.4 ± .56

HDL (mmol/L)

1.2 ± .22

LDL (mmol/L)

2.8 ± .93

HOMA

2.3 (1.5–4.5)

Ewing’s score

2 (1.25–2.5)

VO2peak (ml/kg/min)

22.3 ± 4.5

Medications

 Statins (%)

46.2%

 Biguanides (%)

53.8%

 ACE inhibitors (%)

34.6%

 Ca channel blockers (%)

7.7%

 Diuretics (%)

7.7%

 Gliclazide (%)

7.7%

 Fluoxetine (%)

7.7%

 Alpha-blockers (%)

3.8%

 Thyroxin (%)

3.8%

 Rivaroxaban (%)

3.8%

 Sitagliptin (%)

3.8%

 NSAIDs (%)

3.8%

 Beta-blockers (%)

3.8%

  1. Values are presented as means ± standard deviation or median (25th to 75th percentile values) as appropriate
  2. BMI body mass index, SBP systolic blood pressure, DBP diastolic blood pressure, HDL high-density lipoprotein, LDL low-density lipoprotein, HOMA homeostasis model assessment insulin resistance, Ewing’s score total score of the cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests, VO2peak the highest volume of oxygen, ACE angiotensin-converting enzyme, Ca calcium, NSAIDs non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs