Fig. 11
From: Complex and multilevel left ventricular outflow tract obstruction: What can 3D echocardiography add?
Right upper panel, X-plane mode of the aortic valve, the anatomical orifice of the aortic valve is seen in the perpendicular image. Left upper panel, X-plane mode of the subaortic membrane (moving the reference line slightly to the right), the functional opening of the LVOT at the level of the subaortic membrane is clearly seen. Right lower panel, 3D-zoomed volume of the aortic valve from the ascending aorta perspective shows the trileaflet valve with thickened cusps. Left lower panel, 3D-zoomed volume (after cropping of the aortic valve plane) shows a circumferential muscular membrane with a circular opening