Fig. 9
From: Complex and multilevel left ventricular outflow tract obstruction: What can 3D echocardiography add?
A case of rheumatic mitral and aortic valve diseases. In the upper panel, severe mitral valve stenosis was found; mean diastolic gradient = 15 mmHg .3D zoomed volume shows the characteristic "en-face" view of the thickened leaflets and commissural fusion. MVA was traced using MPR as 0.9 cm2. In the middle panel, a 2D parasternal long-axis view of the aortic valve shows systolic doming of the cusps. The apical 5-chamber view shows aortic valve regurgitation. In the lower panel, 3D-zoomed volume of the aortic valve shows thickened cusps and fused commissure between right and non-coronary cusps. X-plane mode and MPR-derived AVA are 0.9 cm2