Table 3 Comparison of advanced echocardiographic parameters in diabetics with normal retina versus non-proliferative and proliferative retinopathy
From: Evaluation of the relationship between diabetic retinopathy and left atrial deformation parameters
Variables | Normal retina, (n = 51) | Non-proliferative retinopathy present, (n = 54) | Proliferative retinopathy present, (n = 42) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
LAVI (mL/m2) | 42.6 (14.1) | 46 (13.3) | 53 (25) | 0.006 |
E Mitral | 0.7 (0.1) | 0.7 (0.2) | 0.7 (0.2) | 0.07 |
A Mitral | 0.8 (0.2) | 0.9 (0.2) | 1 (0.2) | 0.10 |
LA strain rate S | 1.5 (0.4) | 1.2 (0.3) | 1.1 (0.3) | 0.01 |
LA strain rate E | − 1.2 (0.6) | − 0.9 (0.5) | − 0.9 (0.5) | 0.01 |
LA strain rate A | − 1.7 (0.6) | − 1.5 (0.6) | − 1.7 (0.6) | 0.19 |
LA strain conduit | 30.1 (6.6) | 25.3 (6.5) | 22.9 (4.9) | < 0.001 |
LA strain reservoir | 14.2 (3.6) | 12.2 (4.1) | 13 (3.7) | 0.04 |
LA strain contractile | 15.9 (6.8) | 13.1 (7.4) | 9.9 (4.7) | < 0.001 |