Table 1 Summarizing our findings in this case series of 11 patients who underwent urgent Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting within a month of recovering from COVID-19 infection
Serial number | Age in years | Sex | COVID-19 Vaccination status | Risk factors | EuroSCORE II mortality risk | Symptoms at presentation | Gap between COVID 19 detection and Surgery | COVID 19 disease severity | CAG findings | Operative details | Post-operative cardiovascular complication | Post-operative respiratory complication | Duration of mechanical ventilation in hours | Post-operative neurological complication | Post-operative renal complication | Duration of hospital stay | Clinical outcome | Duration of follow-up |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 53 | Male | Partially vaccinated (received one dose) | HTN, Asthma, Hypothyroidism, recent MI, alcoholism, moderate LV dysfunction, Status-post PCI to LAD and RCA (2017) | 3.97% | UA | 14 days | Mild | LM DVD with 60–70% LAD stenosis distal to the patent stent | OPCAB, Skeletonized LITA-->LAD, RSVG-->OM | None | None | 8 | None | None | 7 days | Uneventful recovery | 18 months |
2 | 65 | Male | Partially vaccinated (received one dose) | Elderly, HTN, DM, history of stroke, seronegative polyarthritis | 3.28% | UA | 14 days | Mild | TVD | OPCAB, Skeletonized LITA--> LAD, RSVG-->RI, There was extensive scarring and akinesia of the inferior wall, densely atheromatous, calcified RCA and thin calibre, non-graftable, PDA and OMs | Bradycardia, hypotension, death | Re intubation | 212 | Stroke | None | 10 days | In-hospital mortality | Not applicable |
3 | 68 | Male | Partially vaccinated (received one dose) | HTN, DM, recent MI, moderate LV dysfunction | 4.13% | UA | 30 days | Mild | TVD | OPCAB, Skeletonized LITA-->LAD, RSVG-->OM, RCA was of uniformly thin calibre, diffusely diseased and non-graftable on table | None | None | 8 | None | None | 7 days | Uneventful recovery | 18 months |
4 | 65 | Male | Partially vaccinated (received one dose) | HTN, ex-smoker, recent MI | 4.13% | UA | 26 days | Mild | LM TVD | OPCAB, Skeletonized LITA-->LAD, RSVG-->RI, RSVG--> PDA | None | None | 8 | None | None | 8 days | Uneventful recovery | 18 months |
5 | 64 | Male | Partially vaccinated (received one dose) | Elderly, HTN, DM, Hypothyroid, recent MI | 3.80% | UA | 29 days | Mild | TVD | OPCAB, Skeletonized LITA-->LAD, RSVG-->OM, RSVG-->PDA | None | None | 8 | None | None | 8 days | Uneventful recovery | 12 months |
6 | 64 | Male | Partially vaccinated (received one dose) | HTN, DM, smoker | 5.12% | UA | 30 days | Mild | TVD with total cut-off of proximal third of LAD (LM equivalent) | OPCAB, Skeletonized LITA-->Diagonal--> LAD(sequential grafts), RSVG-->RI-->OM (sequential grafts), RSVG--> distal RCA | Atrial fibrillation | None | 8 | None | None | 8 days | Uneventful recovery | 12 months |
7 | 53 | Male | Partially vaccinated (received one dose) | HTN, DM, smoker, dyslipidemia, recent MI | 2.44% | UA | 28 days | Mild | TVD with ostial stenosis of LAD (LM equivalent) | OPCAB, Skeletonized LITA-->LAD, RSVG-->OM, RSVG-->distal RCA | None | None | 8 | None | None | 8 days | Uneventful recovery | 12 months |
8 | 68 | Male | Fully vaccinated (received two doses) | HTN, smoker, CKD, recent MI, moderate LV dysfunction | 3.93% | UA | 28 days | Mild | TVD with 95–100% stenosis in the proximal third of LAD (LM equivalent) | OPCAB, Skeletonized LITA-->LAD, RSVG natural ‘Y’, one limb--> OM, other limb of the ‘Y’--> PDA, one proximal anastomosis on to the ascending thoracic aorta | None | None | 6 | None | None | 8 days | Uneventful recovery | 12 months |
9 | 55 | Male | Partially vaccinated (received one dose) | HTN, DM, smoker | 1.48% | UA | 30 days | Mild | TVD | OPCAB, Skeletonized LITA-->LAD, RSVG-->OM, RSVG-->PDA | None | None | 7 | None | None | 8 days | Uneventful recovery | 12 months |
10 | 65 | Male | Fully vaccinated (received two doses) | HTN, uncontrolled DM, CKD, Dyslipidemia, ex-smoker, had stroke with residual neurodeficit in the right upper limb, moderate LV dysfunction | 3.76% | UA | 28 days | Mild | TVD | Started as off pump beating heart surgery, with the Diagonal artery being grafted, went on pump (ONCAB), on the beating heart, when there was haemodynmic instability on positioning the heart for grafting the LAD sequentially. Skeletonized LITA-->Diagonal--> LAD(sequential), RSVG--> OM, RSVG--> PDA | None | None | 6 | None | None | 7 days | Uneventful recovery | 12 months |
11 | 66 | Male | Fully vaccinated (received two doses) | HTN, DM, smoker, alcoholism, Cannabis addiction, strong family history of ischemic heart disease, moderate LV dysfunction | 3.91% | UA | 24 days | Mild | LM TVD | OPCAB, Skeletonized LITA-->LAD, RSVG--> OM, RSVG--> PLV | None | None | 10 | None | None | 7 days | Uneventful recovery | 6 months |