Table 1 Comparison between normal flow and no-reflow groups

Baseline characteristics

 Age (years)

56.30 ± 6.07

58.32 ± 6.03

0.06•

 Gender (%)

0.73*

  Males

45 (42.5%)

20 (45.5%)

 Smoking (%)

42 (39.6%)

16 (36.4%)

0.7*

 Hypertension (%)

44 (41.5%)

23 (52.3%)

0.22*

 Diabetes mellitus (%)

28 (26.4%)

15 (34.1%)

0.34*

 Family history (%)

23 (21.7%)

10 (22.7%)

0.89*

 Previous PCI (%)

11 (10.4%)

6 (13.6%)

0.56*

 Previous CABG (%)

1 (0.9%)

0 (0.0%)

0.51*

 Previous myocardial infarction (%)

5 (4.7%)

4 (9.1%)

0.30*

 Previous angina (%)

33 (31.1%)

17 (38.6%)

0.37*

Myocardial infarction presentation

 Territory of infarction (%)

0.01*

  Anterior

49 (46.2%)

30 (68.2%)

  Non-anterior

57 (53.8%)

14 (31.8%)

 Pain to door (hours)

5.19 ± 1.85

6.52 ± 1.82

< 0.001•

 SBP (mmHg)

118.92 ± 14.69

116.25 ± 15.93

0.32•

 DBP (mmHg)

74.95 ± 11.92

70.23 ± 12.29

0.03•

 Killip class (%)

0.006*

  I

89 (84.0%)

28 (63.6%)

  II

17 (16.0%)

16 (36.4%)

 CK total (IU) Median (IQR)

563.5 (412 – 827)

974 (725.5 – 1685)

< 0.001 ≠ 

 CK-MB (IU) Median (IQR)

69.5 (54 – 96)

136 (78.5 – 230.5)

< 0.001 ≠ 

 EF (%)

53.49 ± 8.99

46.57 ± 9.93

< 0.001•

Angiographic findings

 Culprit vessel (%)

0.06*

  LAD

58 (54.7%)

33 (75%)

  LCX

15 (14.1%)

4 (9.1%)

  RCA

33 (31.2%)

7 (15.9%)

 Balloon pre-dilatation

31 (29.2%)

13 (29.5%)

0.971*

 Balloon post-dilatation

10 (9.4%)

4 (9.1%)

0.95*

 Thrombus burden grade

< 0.001*

  I

79 (74.5%)

16 (36.4%)

  II

27 (25.5%)

24 (54.5%)

  III

0 (0.0%)

4 (9.1%)

 Baseline TIMI flow

 < 0.001*

  I

3 (2.8%)

13 (29.5%)

  II

47 (44.3%)

24 (54.5%)

  III

56 (52.8%)

7 (15.9%)

Ultrasound findings

 Baseline brachial artery diameter (cm)

0.44 ± 0.04

0.45 ± 0.05

< 0.001•

 Brachial artery diameter after release (cm)

0.48 ± 0.05

0.48 ± 0.06

0.97•

 Endothelial dysfunction (%)

93 (87.7%)

43 (97.7%)

0.06•

 FMD (%)

8.23 ± 2.76

7.26 ± 1.92

0.03•