Table 2 Etiology and heart failure precipitating factors
| Â | Total population | Alexandria | Cairo | Delta | Upper Egypt | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Number of patients | 1645 | 914 | 249 | 409 | 73 | Â |
Etiology, % | Â | |||||
 Ischemic | 65.5 | 72.5 | 53.4 | 61.4 | 40.9 | < 0.0001 |
 Dilated | 16.8 | 11.2 | 16.2 | 28.4 | 23.9 | < 0.0001 |
 Valvular | 8.7 | 6.2 | 18.2 | 5.9 | 25.4 | < 0.0001 |
 Hypertensive | 3.6 | 4.9 | 2.4 | 1.0 | 5.6 | 0.002 |
 Other | 5.4 | 5.2 | 9.8 | 3.3 | 4.2 | 0.004 |
HF precipitating factors for established cases, % | Â | |||||
 ACS | 14.0 | 18.6 | 8.1 | 9.3 | 6.0 | < 0.0001 |
 Infection | 34.3 | 35.2 | 24.3 | 38.4 | 38.4 | 0.02 |
 Uncontrolled hypertension | 17.2 | 25.1 | 6.9 | 8.9 | 4.0 | < 0.0001 |
 Anemia | 25.5 | 35.7 | 13.9 | 12.7 | 14.0 | < 0.0001 |
 Renal dysfunction | 14.9 | 17.7 | 17.3 | 8.4 | 6.0 | 0.002 |
 Atrial fibrillation | 19.8 | 13.7 | 23.7 | 31.2 | 20.0 | < 0.0001 |
 Non-adherence with medication | 10.4 | 4.0 | 12.8 | 20.7 | 24.5 | < 0.0001 |