Table 1 Baseline and clinical data of studied VA-ECMO-treated patients
Studied variables | Survivors (n = 46, 43.4%) | Non-survivors (n = 60, 56.6%) | p value | Cerebral damage (n = 27, 25.5%) | No cerebral damage (n = 79, 74.5%) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Age | 39 ± 10.9 | 41.1 ± 16.6 | 0.73 | 40.7 ± 16.2 | 39.7 ± 12.8 | 0.78 | |
BMI | 26.4 ± 6.6 | 26.6 ± 7.4 | 0.82 | 25 ± 7.2 | 27.7 ± 6.6 | 0.031 | |
Sex | Males | 31 (67.4) | 43 (71.7) | 0.61 | 19 (70.4) | 55 (69.6) | 0.52 |
Females | 15 (32.6) | 17 (28.3) | 8 (29.6) | 24 (30.4) | |||
CKD | 2 (4.3) | 19 (31.7) | 0.001 | 8 (29.7) | 13 (16.5) | 0.028 | |
DM | 9 (19.6) | 11 (18.3) | 0.84 | 6 (22.2) | 14 (17.7) | 0.598 | |
Systemic hypertension | 14 (30.4) | 20 (33.3) | 0.75 | 9 (33.3) | 25 (31.6) | 0.801 | |
LV EF% | 29.2 ± 13.9 | 29.6 ± 13.9 | 0.73 | 30.9 ± 13.3 | 28.3 ± 14.3 | 0.15 | |
Cardiac surgeries | 21 (45.7) | 40 (66.7) | 0.03 | 18 (66.7) | 43 (54.4) | 0.03 | |
CPB time (min) | 213.4 ± 83.3 | 239.9 ± 97.6 | 0.43 | 261.6 ± 103.4 | 195.8 ± 65.5 | 0.007 | |
Aortic clamping time (min) | 144.3 ± 51.7 | 148.6 ± 54.6 | 0.85 | 160.2 ± 57.5 | 130.1 ± 42.1 | 0.03 | |
ECMO days | 10.1 ± 6.6 | 9.5 ± 7.7 | 0.21 | 10.4 ± 8.3 | 9.2 ± 6.2 | 0.80 | |
Cannulation strategy | Peripheral | 33 (71.7) | 27 (45) | 0.006 | 12 (44.4) | 48 (60.8) | 0.03 |
Central | 13 (28.3) | 33 (55) | 15 (55.6) | 31 (39.2) | |||
IABP | 12 (26.1) | 9 (15) | 0.15 | 6 (22.2) | 15 (18.9) | 0.810 | |
ICU days | 20 (14–57) | 14 (5.5–30.5) | 0.002 | 19 (6–40) | 15.5 (11–29) | 0.04 | |
Ventilator days | 9 (8–26) | 13.5 (5–25.5) | 0.95 | 15 (5.5–31.5) | 9 (8–16) | 0.09 | |
AKI | 21 (45.7) | 52 (86.7) | < 0.001 | 23 (85.2) | 41 (51.9) | 0.001 | |
Haemodialysis | 9 (19.6) | 41 (68.3) | < 0.001 | 17 (63) | 26 (32.9) | 0.001 | |
SOFA on admission | 10.9 ± 2.8 | 15.6 ± 2.9 | < 0.001 | 14.9 ± 3.1 | 12.5 ± 3.8 | < 0.001 | |
SOFA after 48 h | 8.8 ± 2.6 | 19.2 ± 2.5 | < 0.001 | 17.7 ± 4.8 | 12.2 ± 5.3 | < 0.001 | |
∆ SOFA | − 2.1 ± 1.9 | 3.6 ± 1.7 | < 0.001 | 2.8 ± 2.7 | − 0.3 ± 3.1 | < 0.001 | |
Atrial fibrillation | 14 (30.4) | 40 (66.7) | 0.001 | 18 (66.7) | 36 (45.6) | 0.001 | |
Intracardiac thrombi | 2 (4.3) | 5 (8.3) | 0.69 | 5 (18.5) | 2 (2.5) | 0.04 | |
ECMO circuit thrombi | 2 (4.3) | 4 (6.7) | 0.69 | 5 (18.5) | 1 (1.3) | 0.08 | |
Acute strokes | 5 (10.9) | 22 (36.7) | 0.006 | --- | --- | --- | |
Thrombotic stroke | 4 (8.7) | 10 (16.7) | 0.11 | --- | --- | --- | |
Intracerebral bleeding | 1 (2.2) | 12 (20) | 0.006 | --- | --- | --- | |
Hospital mortality | --- | --- | --- | 23 (85.2) | 37 (46.8) | < 0.001 | |