Table 1 Cut off values for the results of the cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests

Valsalva maneuver

≥ 1.21

1.11–1.2

≤ 1.10

Heart rate response to standing up

≥ 1.04

1.01–1.03

≤ 1.00

Heart rate response to deep breathing

≥ 15

11–14

≤ 10

Blood pressure response to standing up

≤ 10

11–29

≥ 30

Blood pressure response to a sustained handgrip

≥ 16

11–15

≤ 10