Table 3 Perioperative variables and outcomes
From: Predictors and clinical outcomes of post-coronary artery bypass grafting cerebrovascular strokes
Variables | All patients | Stroke group | Non-stroke group | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type of surgery | Isolated CABG (n, %) | 370 (90.2) | 22 (71) | 348 (91.8) | 0.001 |
CABG plus valve surgery (n, %) | 40 (9.8) | 9 (29) | 31 (8.2) | ||
Cardiopulmonary bypass (minutes) | 100 (77–126) | 102 (90.5–157.5) | 99 (76–125) | 0.034 | |
Aortic clamping time (minutes) | 58 (43–83) | 69 (46–84.5) | 57 (43–83) | 0.351 | |
Approach | Sternotomy (n, %) | 398 (97.1) | 31 (100) | 367 (96.8) | 0.612 |
Minimally invasive (n, %) | 12(2.9) | 0 | 12 (3.2) | ||
Urgency of surgery | Elective (n, %) | 397 (96.8) | 27 (87.1) | 370 (97.6) | 0.012 |
Emergent (n, %) | 13 (3.2) | 4 (12.9) | 9 (2.4) | ||
Initial SOFA score | 2 (1–3) | 3 (2–4) | 2 (1–3) | 0.02 | |
SOFA at 48 h | 1 (0–2) | 5 (1–7) | 1 (0–2) |  < 0.001 | |
Postoperative atrial fibrillation (n, %) | 109 (26.6) | 18 (58.1) | 91 (24) |  < 0.001 | |
Ventricular arrhythmias (n, %) | 24 (5.9) | 6 (19.4) | 18 (4.7) | 0.006 | |
Intra-cardiac thrombi (n, %) | 7 (1.7) | 2 (6.5) | 5 (1.3) | 0.09 | |
Acute kidney injury (n, %) | 105 (25.6) | 17 (54.8) | 88 (23.2) |  < 0.001 | |
New need for hemodialysis (n, %) | 24 (5.9) | 11 (35.5) | 13 (3.4) |  < 0.001 | |
Exploration for bleeding (n, %) | 27 (6.6) | 4 (12.9) | 23 (6.1) | 0.137 | |
Gastrointestinal bleeding (n, %) | 20 (4.9) | 13 (41.9) | 7 (1.8) |  < 0.001 | |
Sternotomy wound infection (n, %) | 53 (12.9) | 7 (22.6) | 46 (12.1) | 0.1 | |
Wound debridement (n, %) | 37 (9) | 7 (22.6) | 30 (7.9) | 0.014 | |
ICU days | 4 (3–6) | 11 (6–42) | 4 (3–5) |  < 0.001 | |
Inotropes days | 2 (1–2) | 6 (2–10) | 1 (1–2) |  < 0.001 | |
Ventilator days | 1 (1–2) | 10 (2–32) | 1 (1–2) |  < 0.001 | |
Post-ICU ward days | 5 (3–8) | 11 (2–57) | 5 (3–7) | 0.015 | |
Postoperative ECMO | 8 (2) | 4 (12.9) | 4 (1.1) | 0.002 | |
ECMO days | 9 (6–13) | 9 (6–13) | 9.5 (7–13) | 1 | |
Postoperative IABP (n, %) | 32 (7.8) | 6 (19.4) | 26 (6.9) | 0.025 | |
IABP days | 3 (2–4) | 3 (2–3) | 3 (2–4) | 0.644 | |
Tracheostomy (n, %) | 12 (2.9) | 12 (38.7) | 0 (0) |  < 0.001 | |
Hospital mortality (n, %) | 11 (2.7) | 8 (25.8) | 3 (0.8) |  < 0.001 | |
Discharge with tube feeding (n, %) | 13 (3.2) | 12 (38.7) | 1 (0.3) |  < 0.001 | |
Discharge with tracheostomy breathing (n, %) | 10 (2.4) | 10 (32.3) | 0 (0) |  < 0.001 | |
Stroke during follow-up (n, %) | 15 (3.7) | 0 (0) | 15 (4) | 0.61 | |
Mortality during follow-up (n, %) | 28 (6.8) | 2 (6.5) | 26 (6.9) | 1 | |