Table 2 Echocardiographic variables of the patients studied
Variables | All patients (n = 73) | Pre-VAD DPG < 7 (n = 49, 67.1%) | Pre-VAD DPG ≥ 7 (n = 24, 32.9%) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Pre-LVAD echocardiography | ||||
 LV-EDV (ml) | 241.4 (189.2–299.8) | 218.9 (180–273) | 265.45 (196.7–384.05) | 0.04 |
 LV-ESV (ml) | 191.8 (140–247.4) | 172.9 (136.3–236.8) | 211.9 (161.65–315.75) | 0.047 |
 LV-EF (%) | 20.2 (14–25.7) | 20.5 (14.4–26.8) | 19.05 (12.95–25.2) | 0.46 |
 LA diameter (cm) | 5.1 (4.5–5.4) | 4.7 (4.4–5.4) | 5.3 (4.9–5.95) | 0.27 |
 Cardiac output (L/min) | 3.7 (2.89–4.3) | 3.7 (2.85–4.3) | 3.9 (2.89–4.5) | 0.622 |
 Cardiac index (L/min per m2) | 1.89 (1.52–2.3) | 1.88 (1.56–2.35) | 1.9 (1.45–2.3) | 0.9 |
 Estimated PASP (mmHg) | 55 (45–60) | 50 (44–63) | 68 (58–76) |  < 0.001 |
Mitral regurgitation (n, %) | ||||
 No MR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.08 |
 Mild MR | 14 (19.2) | 11 (22.4) | 3 (12.5) |  |
 Moderate MR | 33 (45.2) | 25 (51) | 8 (33.3) |  |
 Severe MR | 26 (35.6) | 13 (26.5) | 13 (54.2) |  |
Tricuspid regurgitation (n, %) | ||||
 No TR | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.24 |
 Mild TR | 14 (19.2) | 12 (24.5) | 2 (8.3) |  |
 Moderate TR | 32 (43.8) | 21 (42.9) | 11 (45.8) |  |
 Severe TR | 27 (37) | 16 (32.7) | 11 (45.8) |  |
Aortic regurgitation (n, %) | ||||
 No AR | 57 (78.1) | 40 (81.6) | 17 (70.8) | 0.29 |
 Mild AR | 16 (21.9) | 9 (18.4) | 7 (29.2) |  |
Post-LVAD echocardiography | ||||
 LV-EDV (ml) | 174.75 (120.5–211.5) | 161.35 (106.05–193.9) | 210.45 (151.45–243.7) | 0.002 |
 LV-ESV (ml) | 128.6 (86.4–167.7) | 110.9 (71.4–154.5) | 155.3 (120.75–188.05) | 0.005 |
 LV-EF (%) | 23.4 (18.1–30.8) | 25 (20–35.8) | 20.7 (15–23.9) | 0.03 |
 LA diameter (cm) | 4.5 (4.3–5) | 4.5 (4.2–4.8) | 4.8 (4.4–5.2) | 0.04 |
 Estimated PASP (mmHg) | 35 (30–42.5) | 35 (30–40) | 40 (35–50) | 0.041 |
Mitral regurgitation (n, %) | ||||
 No MR | 8 (10.9) | 6 (12.2) | 2 (8.3) | 0.005 |
 Mild MR | 53 (72.6) | 40 (81.6) | 13 (54.2) |  |
 Moderate MR | 11 (15.1) | 3 (6.1) | 8 (33.3) |  |
 Severe MR | 1 (1.4) | 0 | 1 (4.2) |  |
Tricuspid regurgitation (n, %) | ||||
 No TR | 1 (1.4) | 0 | 1 (4.2) | 0.014 |
 Mild TR | 48 (65.8) | 36 (73.5) | 12 (50) |  |
 Moderate TR | 16 (21.9) | 11 (22.4) | 5 (20.8) |  |
 Severe TR | 8 (11) | 2 (4.1) | 6 (25) |  |
Aortic regurgitation (n, %) | ||||
 No AR | 49 (67.1) | 35 (71.4) | 14 (58.3) | 0.45 |
 Mild AR | 23 (31.5) | 13 (26.5) | 10 (41.7) |  |
 Moderate AR | 1 (1.4) | 1 (2) | 0 |  |