Table 1 Details of the literature with epidemiology

Yun et al. [9]

Cohort study based on health insurance database

Korea

Patients who were diagnosed with cancer between 2009 and 2016 were enrolled Non-cancer subjects were selected as control group

816,811 patients with cancer and 1,633,663 non-cancer controls were enrolled

During a median follow-up of 4.5 years, cancer was an independent risk factor for incident atrial fibrillation (AF) (adjusted subdistribution hazard ratio [aHR]: 1.63; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.61 to 1.66). The impact on AF development varied by cancer type, and multiple myeloma (MM) showed a higher association with incident AF (aHR: 3.34; 95% CI: 2.98 to 3.75)

Khan et al. [10]

Cross-sectional study based on national inpatient database

United States

All adult patients (≥ 18 years) who were hospitalizations and diagnosed with cancer between 2005 to 2015

40,030,380 patients with cancer were included, and the prevalence of AF in these cancer patients was 14.6%

In patients age < 80 years, AF has significant association with MM and lung cancer, where as in patients age > 80 years, it has significant association with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and prostate cancer

Li et al. [11]

Single-center retrospective cohort study

Xi’an, China

Patients with MM between January 2015 to April 2020

A total of 319 patients with MM were included, with 6% combined AF

During a median follow-up of 18.3 months, the all-cause mortality rate of MM patients with AF and without arrhythmias were 73.7% (14/19) and 50.6% (84/166)