Table 1 Baseline characteristics of the studied groups

Demographic characteristics

Male sex, n (%)

164 (54.7)

81 (54.0%)

83 (55.3%)

0.82

Age (years)

66.3 ± 8.9

67.9 ± 8.1

64.6 ± 9.9

0.51

BMI (kg/m²)

28.0 ± 4.6

28.2 ± 5.7

27.8 ± 4.6

0.93

Cardiovascular risk factors

 Diabetes mellitus

142 (47.3%)

70 (48.7%)

72 (48.0%)

0.82

 Hypertension

149 (49.7%)

73 (48.7%)

76 (50.7%)

0.73

 Family history of CADs

25 (8.3%)

14 (9.3%)

11 (7.3%)

0.53

 Smoking

180 (60.0%)

92 (61.3%)

88 (58.7%)

0.64

 7 Dyslipidemia

138 (46.0%)

68 (45.3%)

70 (46.7%)

0.82

History of stoke

33 (11.0%)

13 (8.7%)

20 (13.3%)

0.19

History of CABG

25 (8.3%)

9 (6.0%)

16 (10.7%)

0.14

History of confirmed PVD

56 (18.7%)

23 (15.3%)

33 (22.0%)

0.13

Clinical characteristics

Blood pressure (mmHg)

 SBP

137.9 ± 28.1

139.1 ± 26.7

136.8 ± 35.4

0.94

 DBP

81.3 ± 14.6

82.7 ± 16.5

79.9 ± 15.9

0.84

Heart rate (b/m)

86.2 ± 16.7

87.2 ± 18.8

85.2 ± 18.4

0.9

LVEF (%)

52.4 ± 5.8

53.0 ± 5.7

51.8 ± 6.1

0.65

LV diastolic dysfunction

 Grade 1

153 (51.0%)

74 (49.3%)

79 (52.7%)

0.77

 Grade 2

112 (37.3%)

59 (39.3%)

53 (35.3%)

 Grade 3

35 (11.7%)

17 (11.3%)

18 (12%)

Laboratory characteristics

Hemoglobin (gm/dl)

12.7 ± 1.1

13.1 ± 0.9

12.5 ± 1.2

0.5

Leukocytes (× 10³/µL)

8.1 ± 1.5

7.6 ± 1.2

8.7 ± 1.6

0.23

Platelets (× 10³/µL)

226.5 ± 73.9

225.2 ± 73.4

231.1 ± 76.6

0.64

CK-MB (U/L)

205.4 ± 124.9

212.2 ± 142.4

198.6 ± 136.2

0.91

Troponin (ng/ml)

19.4 ± 13.1

20.8 ± 15.3

17.9 ± 13.8

0.82

TGs (mg/ml)

155.02 ± 55.59

156.14 ± 58.77

151.13 ± 43.19

0.58

LDL-C (mg/dl)

123.6 ± 21.1

124.7 ± 23.1

122.5 ± 23.9

0.91

HDL-C (mg/dl)

38.86 ± 7.61

38.91 ± 7.56

38.65 ± 7.87

0.83

Creatinine (mg/dl)

1.02 ± 0.47

1.03 ± 0.48

1.01 ± 0.47

0.82

eGFR, ml/min/1.73 m2 (%)

94.01 ± 42.37

91.37 ± 40.41

103.17 ± 47.89

0.13