Table 1 Characteristics of selected studies
Studies | Countries | Clinical feature | Type of statin | Dosage | Patients (n) | Placebo (n) | Mean Age (years) | Mean, SD baseline LDL levels in intervention group (mg/dl) | Mean, SD baseline LDL levels in control group (mg/dl) | Timing of statin therapy before PCI (days) | Timing descriptions | Side effects (n, descriptions) | Follow up (month) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Adel et al. [15] | Egypt | STEMI | Atorvastatin or Rosuvastatin | Single dose 80Â mg (Atorvastatin) or 40Â mg (Rosuvastatin) | 66 | 33 | 53.2 | NA | NA | 0 | at ER prior primary PCI | NA | 12 |
Briguori et al. [16] | Italy | ACS | Atorvastatin | Single dose 80Â mg | 338 | 330 | 55.4 | 126, 35 | 129, 37 | 0 | at ER prior primary PCI | NA | 6 |
Chen et al. [17] | China | STEMI | Atorvastatin | Single dose 80Â mg | 76 | 80 | 64 | 105.18, 17.78 | 105.57, 28.61 | 1 | The day before the PCI | NA | NA |
Guo et al. [18] | China | ACS | Rosuvastatin | Single dose 20Â mg | 47 | 45 | 60.71 | NA | NA | 0 | 1.5Â h prior PCI | NA | 12 |
Hahn et al. [19] | Korea | STEMI | Atorvastatin | Single dose 80Â mg | 89 | 84 | 57.8 | NA | NA | 0 | after PCI | 0, adverse drug reactions or liver functional damage | 6 |
Kim et al. [20] | Korea | STEMI | Rosuvastatin | Single dose 40 mg | 213 | 267 | 55.5 | 117.7, 34.4 | 118.7, 36.8 | 0 | within 12 h after symptom onset | 10. ALT > 3 times the upper normal limit (but prevalence in control group is 7.1% with p-value 0.49) | 1 |
Kim et al. [21] | Korea | STEMI | Atorvastatin | Single dose 80Â mg | 30 | 37 | 62.2 | NA | NA | 0 | before primary PCI | 0, No serious side effects were detected associated with rosuvastatin loading | 6 |
Ko et al. [22] | Korea | STEMI | Rosuvastatin | Single dose 40Â mg | 92 | 93 | 57.4 | NA | NA | 0 | as early as possible after randomization | NA | 3 |
Liu et al. [23] | China | STEMI | Atorvastatin | Single dose 80Â mg | 32 | 32 | 57.7 | NA | NA | 0 | emergency room before primary PCI | 0, All patients tolerated the study drugs well without side effects | 12 |
Liu et al. [24] | China | ACS | Atorvastatin | Single dose 80Â mg | 400 | 398 | 59.3 | 150.8, 34.8 | 150.8, 42.54 | 0 | before emergency PCI | NA | 12 |
Lopes et al. [25] | Brazil | ACS | Atorvastatin | Single dose 80Â mg | 1351 | 1359 | 61.8 | NA | NA | 0 | 12Â h before elective PCI or with other antiplatelet drugs before urgent/emergent PCI | NA | 1 |
Mendez et al. [26] | Brazil | STEMI | Atorvastatin | Single dose 80Â mg | 49 | 54 | 64 | NA | NA | 0 | prior to primary PCI | NA | 1 |
Post et al. [27] | Netherlands | STEMI | Atorvastatin | Single dose 80Â mg | 20 | 22 | 61.7 | 130.7, 30.9 | 110.98, 21.6 | 0 | The timing of study medication administration varied according to type of ACS. For patients with ACS without ST-segment elevation, the first dose was administered between 2 and 12Â h before angiography and PCI. For patients with ST-segment elevation MI (STEMI), the first loading dose was administered as soon as possible before primary PCI | 0, No cases of rhabdomyolysis or hepatic failure were reported in the atorvastatin group. Creatine phosphokinase and aminotransferases levels were not significantly different in patients treated with atorvastatin vs placebo | 3 |
Wang et al. [28] | China | NSTE-ACS | Rosuvastatin | Single dose 20Â mg | 62 | 63 | 57.5 | 96.67, 34.8 | 92.8, 34.8 | 0 | before primary PCI | NA | 1 |
Yun et al. [29] | Korea | ACS | Rosuvastatin | Single dose 40Â mg | 225 | 220 | 65.4 | 122, 38 | 124, 40 | NA | before PCI | NA | 12 |